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Petras Cvirka
Petras Cvirka (March 12, 1909, Klangai, Kovno Governorate – May 2, 1947, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian author of several novels, children's books, and short story collections. He wrote under a variety of ''noms de plume'': A. Cvingelis, Cezaris Petrėnas, J. K. Pavilionis, K. Cvirka, Kanapeikus, Kazys Gerutis, Klangis, Klangis Petras, Klangių Petras, L. P. Cvirka, Laumakys, P. Cvinglis, P. Cvirka-Rymantas, P. Gelmė, P. Veliuoniškis, Petras Serapinas, and S. Laumakys.〔 His works have been translated into Belarusian, Bulgarian, Chinese, Czech, English, Estonian, Hungarian, Latvian, Polish, Romanian, and Uzbek.〔
==Biography==
Cvirka attended an art school in Kaunas between 1926 and 1930. However, after graduation he drifted away from visual arts to literature.〔 He began publishing poetry in 1924 and studied literature in Paris during 1931 and 1932. He translated 9 books and 34 shorter works from French into Lithuanian.〔 Later in the decade he travelled to Moscow, Leningrad, and western Europe. He joined the Communist Party in 1940 and supported Lithuania's incorporation into the Soviet Union.〔
In 1941, following the outbreak of war between Germany and the Soviet Union, he moved to Alma-Ata and then Moscow, joining the Union of Writers of the USSR. Returning to Lithuania in 1944, he went on to serve as chairman of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic's Writer's Union and as editor of the journal ''Pergalė'' (Victory). After Cvirka's death in 1947, the Soviet authorities erected a monument to his memory in Vilnius. This monument became the object of controversy after the restoration of independence in 1990 due to Cvirka's pro-communist activities. There were calls for its removal.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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